It is widely understood that few forest areas in Indonesia are free of tenurial conflict. These disputes rarely stem from a single cause. Overlapping claims, unclear boundaries, competing interests, and community access to land can all be intertwined. For those working to address conflict, that complexity makes it essential to […]
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Many development programs fail not because the technology is inadequate, but because the social foundation is weak. Social forestry, renewable energy, ecosystem restoration, and other nature-based climate solutions ultimately depend on one fundamental condition: secure land tenure and fair relationships with the communities who live in and depend on those […]
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In land- and natural resource-based development, conflict is too often viewed as a problem to be managed only after it has emerged. Yet experience consistently demonstrates that the social, economic, and reputational costs of conflict far outweigh the investment required to prevent it. This is precisely why Free, Prior and […]
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